If you have above $5 million in liquid assets, keep reading.
Here are some methods to potentially save on taxes. But some of them are time-limited (unless the government extends them), so determine which alternatives make sense for you.
1. Municipal Bonds
Assume you earn 3% from municipal bonds and 6% from equities mutual funds. Municipal bonds will likely have a long-term growth rate less than equities in general, but the interest is tax-free. After taxes, the municipal bonds aren't far behind.
According to OLA Senior Portfolio Manager James Lynch, bonds can help stabilize your portfolio in a down market. "I recommend bonds be part of any sound asset allocation,"
stated Lynch. "If you are going to invest in bonds, consider adding municipal bonds. Some states also exclude interest on municipal bonds, so living in one of those states saves double."
2. Convert Your IRA or 401k to a Roth
Roths have contribution limits, and high-net-worth individuals are usually excluded. An alternative to consider may be to convert your conventional IRA and 401k to a Roth.
Some individuals prefer to roll over a part of their assets into a Roth each year to keep taxes low. Because you pay taxes on the money you roll into your Roth in the year you do it, the sooner you invest, it may grow tax-free. But you can become more innovative by combining Roth conversions with other tax-saving techniques on our list.
3. Take Advantage of the 529 Plan Contribution
Savers can invest in a 529 plan, and the gains from the investments are free of capital gains, so long as the funds are used to pay for qualified expenses. Since 2017, parents can now withdraw up to $10,000 per year from a 529 plan to pay for private primary and secondary education tuition (if your state allows it) as well as colleges. However, it only allows for up to $10k per year, and it only covers tuition.
Many states offer tax deductions or credits when parents or grandparents fund 529 accounts. See a full list of the 529 plan deductions by state here.
4. Maximize Your Health Savings Account
Your HSA allows you to contribute $3,450 per person or $6,900 per pair. If you are 55 or older, you may add an additional $1,000.
HSAs grow tax-free and may be utilized for medical expenditures at any time. The money doesn't have to be spent or lost every year like a flexible spending account (FSA).
5. Update Your Real Estate Plan
The days of significant real estate tax write-offs are now gone. The new tax legislation lowered the maximum mortgage value to $750,000. And other mortgage interest is no longer deductible. Consider adjusting your real estate strategy to concentrate more on profitability and income rather than tax reduction.
6. Give More
The new tax legislation increased the standard deduction for couples to $24,000. You may also deduct up to 60% of your adjusted gross income (and 30% of appreciated assets) as a charitable contribution.
Making charitable donations reduces the amount of money that the government may utilize for its own purposes. You'll also save money on taxes.
7. Utilize a Donor Advised Fund (DAF)
You may remember our March 2021
article about the importance of DAFs and their increased growth over the past decade, with almost 13% of individual giving going into these funds.
When you contribute cash, securities or other assets to a donor-advised fund at a public charity, you are generally eligible to take an immediate tax deduction. Then those funds can be invested for tax-free growth, and you can recommend grants to virtually any IRS-qualified public charity.
The excellent news is that you may deduct your DAF contributions the year you make them, not when you donate the funds. If you want to leave this money to your heirs to donate, you may do so.